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Abstract

One of the most important features distinguishing tokamaks from stellarators is the need to drive a plasma current to generate the magnetic configuration required for plasma confinement. In the WEST tokamak, non-inductive current is usually driven by Lower Hybrid (LH) waves [1], transferring energy to resonant electrons and accelerating them to high velocities, creating a population of so-called fast (suprathermal) electrons [2]. Accurate modelling of current drive is essential for improving its efficiency and consequently supporting stable tokamak operation. The SLUKE suite of codes, originally developed at CEA-IRFM, is a set of numerical tools for modelling fast electron dynamics, with a particular focus on radio-frequency current drive in tokamak plasmas. The SLUKE package includes the 3-D linearized bounce-averaged relativistic solver of the Fokker-Planck equation [3], coupled with the ray-tracing code C3PO [4], the antenna coupling code ALOHA [5], and the quantum relativistic fast electron bremsstrahlung code R5-X2 [6]. In this workflow, basic input quantities such as magnetic equilibrium, temperature, and density profiles are provided by the METIS code [7]. Through selected examples, we will discuss in more detail each of the above-mentioned codes to gain a  better understanding of capabilities and practical applications of the SLUKE suite.

References:

[1] Bourdelle, C. et al. (2015) WEST physics basis. Nuclear Fusion, 55, 063017.
[2] Fisch, N. J. (1987). Theory of current drive in plasmas. Reviews of Modern Physics, 59(1), 175.
[3] Peysson, Y., & Decker, J. (2014). Numerical simulations of the radio-frequency driven toroidal current in tokamaks. Fusion Science and Technology, 65(1), 22–42.
[4] Peysson, Y., & Decker, J. (2012). A versatile ray-tracing code for studying RF wave propagation in toroidal magnetized plasmas. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 54(4), 045003.
[5] Hillairet, J., Voyer, D., Ekedahl, A., Goniche, M., Kazda, M., Meneghini, O., Milanesio, D., & Preynas, M. (2010). ALOHA: An advanced lower hybrid antenna coupling code. Nuclear Fusion, 50(12), 125010.
[6] Peysson, Y., & Decker, J. (2008). Fast electron bremsstrahlung in axisymmetric magnetic configuration. Physics of Plasmas, 15(9), 092509.
[7] Artaud, J. F. et al. (2018) Metis: a fast integrated tokamak modelling tool for scenario design, Nuclear Fusion, 58, 105001.